Mr. Machinist has been developed to be the choice of CNC programmers and machinist who need quick solutions to math problems. It also enables the user to edit G
M coded files created manually or by a CAD/CAM program.
With Mr. Machinist you can view a Decimal chart while editing or convert millimeters to inches, get a chord, get the length of a hypotenuse, view and edit multiple machine programs, calculate
speeds
feeds, and find the area and volume of just about any shape. Do your calculations and assign variables to formulas using the powerful scientific
calculator. You can also strike the F1 key for context sensitive help any time and a library of defined terms will be at your finger tips.
If you have any suggestions or comments please mail your response to the address below or call the support BBS at (716) 434-1448. g
Allan J. Bremer
125 Elmwood Ave. #1
LOCKPORT, NY 14094
Phone (716) 434-7823
BBS (716) 434-1448
All of these commands are active as soon as the program starts.
F1 = Help
F3 = Open a File to Edit
F4 = Calculator
F5 = Zoom any Window
F7 = Rates (Speeds and Feeds)
F10 = Activate Menu Choices
Ctrl-F2 = Circular Segment Menu
Alt-A = Area Menu
Alt-C = Circle Menu
Alt-E = Edit Menu
Alt-F = File Menu
Alt-M = Math Menu
Alt-N = CNC Link Menu
Alt-O = Options Menu
Alt-R = Rates Menu
Alt-S = Search/Replace Menu
Alt-T = Trig. Menu
Alt-V = Conversions
Alt-W = Window Menu
Alt-X = Exit Mr. Machinist
Alt-F1 = About Mr. Machinist (Version Date)
Alt-Spacebar = Print Editor File
ENTER
Screen
Open a file to edit
===================
This will open a file selection dialog box that will display all the files in your current directory. At the top is an input line under the 'Name' designation. You may type in the file name of your choice and then strike 'Enter'. You do have the option of using wild card characters. If you do not know the name of the file you want to edit or the file is in another directory then you have two choices in the method of retrieval.
1) From the file menu select, 'Change Dir'. A directory selection box will appear and you can use the key board or the mouse to highlight your choice, then strike enter or double click with the mouse to get to that directory. Then the 'Change Dir' box will display the files and sub-directories of that particular choice. At that point you can highlight the file name of your choice and strike 'Enter' or double click.
2) If you do not know the name of the file you want to edit then you will have to search for it. If you remember the first few characters of the file name, you could use wild cards to cause the selection box to display only those files that meet your criteria.
Example: RA??.* will show you all files that start with RA and have one or two characters after it and any extension or no extension.
RAT.TXT RA.DOC RA RA55
If you type a file name in the input line that does not exist and then strike 'Enter', the editor will create and open an empty file for you by that name. You will notice a down arrow symbol to the right of the input line, this is a history list, a list of names you have already used. You have the option to choose file names from it by highlighting the file and striking enter or double clicking it with your mouse.
Choosing the 'Open' box will load the file you have chosen into a new edit window while choosing the 'replace' box will replace the contents of the active edit window with the file you have chosen. x
The file list box is the largest box of the file selection dialog box. This box will show you every file that matches up to your specifications in the input line above it. It will also display the child and parent directories of the current directory. (You can further your understanding of the principles of directories and sub-directories by referring to your DOS manual.)
There are some helpful functions you can use while your in the file list box. One way to get into the file list box is to strike 'Enter' after you have chosen 'Open' from the 'File' menu. Another way is to click on any file name in the box with your mouse. Your 'Tab' key on the key board will cycle you through the many choices of your file selection box in one direction, while holding down the 'Shift' key and then striking 'Tab' will cycle you through in the other direction. The Page Up and Down keys will let you view more files if there are more than can fit in one windows view port. The arrow keys will cycle you through individually.
When your in the file list box you can also type a lower case letter to search for a file name that starts with that letter. If you type a second letter, it will search for the file name with the first letter you typed and the second letter you typed. You can continue this for all file letters or number characters. If you type a capital letter you will search for a directory name in the same manner.
At the bottom of the file dialog box is an information panel. This will tell you all of the information of the file that is currently highlighted. 0
For more information, see Editor in the index.
ENTER
Screen
Change Directory
================
From the 'File' menu select, 'Change Dir'. The 'Change Directory' box will appear and you can use the key board or double click the mouse to highlight your choice, then strike 'Enter' or double click to enter that directory into the input line. At that point you can click the mouse on the 'OK' button or strike 'K' to make the choice valid and make this directory the default one. If you choose the 'Chdir' button you will make the input lines directory your choice also but it will not continue to be the default.
Your 'Tab' key on the key board will cycle you through the many choices of the 'Change Directory' box in one direction, while holding down the 'Shift' key and then striking 'Tab' will cycle you through in the other direction. The Page Up and Down keys will let you view more directories in the directory tree list box if there are more than can fit in one windows view port. The arrow keys will cycle you through individually.
If you type a directory name in the input line that does not exist and then strike 'Enter', or click on 'OK' you will get an error message that says, "Invalid drive or directory".
You will notice a down arrow symbol to the right of the input line, this is a history list, a list of directories that you have already used. You have the option to choose from it by highlighting the directory and striking 'Enter' or double clicking it. P
Choosing the 'Revert' button makes your previous choice the current directory.
ENTER
Screen
DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS AND TAP DRILL SIZES
80 = .0135
79 = .0145
1/64 = .0156
78 = .0160
77 = .0180
76 = .0200
75 = .0210
74 = .0225
73 = .0240
72 = .0250
71 = .0260
70 = .0280
69 = .0292
68 = .0310
1/32 = .0312
67 = .0320
66 = .0330
65 = .0350
64 = .0360
63 = .0370
62 = .0380
61 = .0390
60 = .0400
59 = .0410
58 = .0420
57 = .0430
56 = .0465
3/64 = .0469 0-80
55 = .0520
54 = .0550
53 = .0595 1-64,72
1/16 = .0625
52 = .0635
51 = .0670
50 = .0700 2-56,64
49 = .0730
48 = .0760
5/64 = .0781
47 = .0785 3-48
46 = .0810 3-56
45 = .0820
44 = .0860
43 = .0890 4-40
42 = .0935 4-48
3/32 = .0938
41 = .0960
40 = .0980
39 = .0995
38 = .1015 5-40
37 = .1040 5-44
36 = .1065 6-32
7/64 = .1094
35 = .1100
34 = .1110
33 = .1130 6-40
32 = .1160
31 = .1200
1/8 = .1250
30 = .1285
29 = .1360(8-32,36)
28 = .1405
9/64 = .1406
27 = .1440
26 = .1470(10-24)
25 = .1495
24 = .1520
23 = .1540
5/32 = .1562
22 = .1570
21 = .1590(10-32)
20 = .1610
19 = .1660
18 = .1695
11/64 = .1719
17 = .1730
16 = .1770(12-24)
15 = .1800(12-28)
14 = .1820
13 = .1850
3/16 = .1875
12 = .1890
11 = .1910
10 = .1935
9 = .1960
8 = .1990
7 = .2010(1/4-20)
13/64 = .2031
6 = .2040
5 = .2055
4 = .2090
3 = .2130(1/4-28)
2 = .2210
1 = .2280
A = .2340
15/64 = .2344
B = .2380
C = .2420
D = .2460
1/4-E = .2500
F = .2570(5/16-18)
G = .2610
17/64 = .2656
H = .2660
I = .2720(5/16-24)
J = .2770
K = .2810
9/32 = .2812
L = .2900
M = .2950
19/64 = .2969
N = .3020
5/16 = .3125(3/8-16)
O = .3160
P = .3230
21/64 = .3281
Q = .3320(3/8-24)
R = .3390
11/32 = .3438
S = .3480
T = .3580
23/64 = .3594
U = .3680(7/16-14)
3/8 = .3750
V = .3770
W = .3860
25/64 = .3906(7/16-20)
X = .3970
Y = .4040
13/32 = .4062
Z = .4130
27/64 = .4219(1/2-13)
7/16 = .4375
29/64 = .4531(1/2-20)
15/32 = .4688
31/64 = .4844(9/16-12)
1/2 = .5000
33/64 = .5156(9/16-18)
17/32 = .5312(5/8-11)
35/64 = .5469
9/16 = .5625
37/64 = .5781(5/8-18)
19/32 = .5938
39/64 = .6094
5/8 = .6250
41/64 = .6406
21/32 = .6562(3/4-10)
43/64 = .6719
11/16 = .6875(3/4-16)
45/64 = .7031
23/32 = .7188
47/64 = .7344
3/4 = .7500
49/64 = .7656(7/8-9)
25/32 = .7812
51/64 = .7969
13/16 = .8125(7/8-14)
53/64 = .8281
27/32 = .8438
55/64 = .8594
7/8 = .8750(1-8)
57/64 = .8906
29/32 = .9062
59/64 = .9219(1-12)
15/16 = .9375
61/64 = .9531
31/32 = .9688
63/64 = .9844
1 =1.0000
1 3/64 =1.0469(1/8-12)
1 7/64 =1.1094(1/4-7)
1 /8 =1.1250
1 11/64 =1.1719(1/4-12)
1 7/32 =1.2188(1 3/8-6)
1 /4 =1.2500
1 19/64 =1.2969(1 3/8-2)
1 11/32 =1.3438(1/2-6)
1 3/8 =1.3750
1 27/64 =1.4219(1/2-12)
1 /2 =1.5000
ENTER
Screen
Tap Speeds and Feeds
====================
These are some general speeds and feeds for tapping. This information is general and you can differ from these given speeds and feeds. If you are tapping with a machine that can rigid tap you can increase the speeds and feeds. Rigid tapping is an excellent method of tapping that can be very accurate. You may also want to multiply your feed by .9 for spring loaded taps to achieve some 'give' in the synchronization of the spindle speed and the machine feed. @
Input the Degrees to the left of the decimal place and minutes two places to the right of the decimal place, and the seconds after the minutes, (two places also). v
INPUT EXAMPLE: 45.5434 = 45 Degrees
54 Minutes
34 Seconds
ENTER
Screen
G and M codes
=============
G code = Preparatory Word.
M code = Miscellaneous Function.
G code is a G with two or more digits after it. This code is placed at the beginning of a block and sometimes after an N sequence number. This code prepares the CNC computer system to act a certain way for the remainder of a block of given code.
M code is a miscellaneous function. They cause the CNC machine to act a certain way upon a given command. As an Example, the M6 code is the tool change function, where as the M3 code is the spindle on clockwise function. /
=============================================
CNC G Codes:
G00 = Rapid Traverse
G01 = Linear Interpolation
G02 = Circular Interpolation, clockwise
G03 = Circular Interpolation, counterclockwise
G04 = Dwell
G06 = Parabolic interpolation
G08 = Auto. Acceleration
G09 = Auto. Deceleration
| = Axis Selection
G17 = X and Y Plane Selection
G18 = X and Z Plane Selection
G19 = Y and Z Plane Selection
G33 = Thread Cutting Constant Lead
G34 = Thread Cutting Increasing Lead
G35 = Thread Cutting Decreasing Lead
G40 = Cancel Cutter Comp.
G41 = Cutter Comp. Left
G42 = Cutter Comp. Rt.
G43 = Cutter Offset-Inside Corner
G44 = Cutter Offset-Outside Corner
G70 = Programming in Inches
G71 = Programming in Millimeters
G72 = Circular Interp. Clockwise (3 Dimensional)
G73 = Circular Interp. CounterC. (3 Dimensional)
G74 = Cancel Multiquadrant Circ. Interp.
G75 = Multiquadrant Circ. Interp.
G80 = Canned Cycle Cancel
G81 = Drilling Cycle
G82 = Drill and Dwell Cycle
G83 = Peck Drilling Cycle
G84 = Tapping Cycle
G85 = Boring Cycle(Rotating Spindle Retract)
G86 = Boring Cycle(Rapid Retract)
G87 = Boring Cycle(Manual Retract)
G88 = Boring Cycle(Dwell and Manual Retract)
G89 = Boring Cycle(Dwell and Feed Retract)
G90 = Absolute Programming
G91 = Incremental Programming
G92 = Preload of Registers
G93 = Inverse Time Feedrate.
G94 = Inches or Millimeters Per Minute Feed
G95 = Inches of Millimeters Per Rev. Feed
G96 = Constant Surface Speed
G97 = Rev. Per Minute
G100 = Punch Out and Go Home!!!
CNC M Codes:
M00 = Auto. Program Stop
M01 = Optional Program Stop
M02 = End of Program / Rewind Tape
M03 = Spindle Clockwise
M04 = Spindle CounterC.
M05 = Spindle Stop
M06 = Change Tool
M07 = Flood Coolant On
M08 = Mist Coolant On
M09 = Coolant Off
M10 = Clamping of Machine Slides
M11 = Unclamping of Slides
M12 = Multiple Axis Sync.
M13 = Clockwise Spindle/Coolant On
M14 = Cclockwise Spindle/Coolant On
M15 = Rapid in + Direction
M16 = Rapid in - Direction
M19 = Spindle Stop and Orient
M30 = Switch to 2nd Tape reader or End Program
M31 = Interlock Bypass
| = Gear Changes
M47 = Continue Program Execution
M48 = Cancel M49
M49 = Deactivate Manual Overrides
M58 = Cancel M59
M59 = RPM Constant
ENTER
Screen
Socket Head Cap Screw Clearance
(Normal Fit)
S.H.C.S. DRILL C/BORE C/SINK
-------- ----- ------ ------
(0) .0600 .0730 1/8 .074
(1) .0730 .0890 5/32 .087
(2) .0860 .1060 3/16 .102
(3) .0990 .1200 7/32 .115
(4) .1120 .1360 7/32 .130
(5) .1250 .1540 1/4 .145
(6) .1380 .1700 9/32 .158
(8) .1640 .1940 5/16 .188
(10).1900 .2210 3/8 .218
.2500 .2810 7/16 .278
.3125 .3440 17/32 .346
.3750 .4060 5/8 .415
.4375 .4690 23/32 .483
.5000 .5310 13/16 .552
.6250 .6560 1 .689
.7500 .7810 1 3/16 .828
.8750 .9060 1 3/8 .963
1.0000 1.0310 1 5/8 1.100
1.2500 1.3120 2 1.3700
1.7500 1.8120 2 3/4 1.9100
2.0000 2.0620 3 1/8 2.1800
ENTER
Screen
Milling Keyways (Vertical Mill)
================================
Use a two flute center cutting end mill and program to plunge using the Z and one other axis. A two flute carbide endmill does well in small shaft keyways. After plunging to depth with the finish endmill, travel back to your starting point and then go up one side and down the other taking as little stock as necessary.
ENTER
Screen
Right Triangle
A triangle with a 90 degree angle in it. With two known pieces of information, the solution to all other sides and angles can be obtained as long as one of those pieces of information is a side of the triangle. The three angles added up must equal 180 degrees. 7
When you hold down the 'Alt' key and strike the 'T', the Trig. screen will appear. The best way to cycle through the input lines is to strike 'Enter'. If you happen to put the maximum amount of digits (12) into the input line then you will be automatically cycled into the next input line. When you have your two pieces of information entered you may then hold down the 'Alt' key and strike 'O' for OK or you may strike 'Enter' until you have reached the OK button and then strike 'Enter'. You may also use the up and down arrows to move up and down the dialog box.
The 'Tab' key cycles you through the dialog box in one direction. If you hold down the 'Shift' key and then strike 'Tab' you will cycle through the dialog box in the other direction. X
The Perpendicular Line calculation that is given in the answer box is the distance of the line that extends from the intersection of the side opposite and the side adjacent perpendicular to the hypotenuse. This distance is sometimes needed when a milling machinist must put a part up on an angle in a vise in order to machine a chamfer on it. '
Theorem of Pythagoras:
Where c = Length of hypotenuse,
a and b = the other sides.
Formula
=======
->A
(A = The acute angle.)
b
a Side Opposite
Sin A = - = -------------
c Hypotenuse
b Side Adjacent
Cos A = - = -------------
c Hypotenuse
a Side Opposite
Tan A = - = -------------
b Side Adjacent
b Side Adjacent
Cot A = - = -------------
a Side Opposite
c Hypotenuse
Sec A = - = -------------
b Side Adjacent
c Hypotenuse
Csc A = - = -------------
a Side Opposite
ENTER
Screen
Radius input ERROR!
*******************
When you know just the height and the angle of a circular segment you can not find the chord. You must know either the height and radius or the radius and the angle.
ENTER
Screen
Number input only!
******************
Only numbers can be input into formula fields. You will also get this error if you left a needed field blank. Strike the F1 key for help while your in the dialog box if you need further information.
ENTER
Screen
Cutting Speeds and Feeds Input Help
===================================
Determine the Feet Per Minute from the chart on the left and input the data into the cutting speed input line. Insert the chip load data by referring to the bottom of the chart on the left. Keep in mind that these are very general speeds and feeds. Start slow and work your way up.
The three main factors that determine the rate of metal removal are cutting speed, feedrate and depth of cut. First, take into consideration, the depth of cut, then feed rate and then the cutting speed. ]
Formula
=======
IPT = Inches Per Tooth
T = Number of Teeth
FPR = Feed Per Revolution
RPM x IPT x T
Feed Rate = -------------
FPR
RPM x IPT x T
FPR = -------------
Feed rate
ENTER
Screen
Feet Per Minute Chart (Page Down for More)
===========================================
Material HSS Carb.
******** *** *****
Stainless Steel 50 150
Cast Steel 50 150
Cast Iron 75 225
High-Carbon Steel 50 150
Medium-Carbon Steel 75 200
Low_Carbon Steel 125 375
Brass 300 800
Magnesium 600 1000
Aluminum 600 1000
Copper 300 1000
Inches Per Tooth (Page Up for More)
Cutter IPT
****** ***
Metal Cutting Saws .001 +
Form Cutters .002
End Mills ( less than 1/2" ) .001 +
End Mills ( more than 1/2" ) .003
Plain Cutters .005
Side Cutters .007
Face Mills .010
====================================
Use these calculations as a starting
point only.
====================================
ENTER
Screen
Absolute Value of a Real Number
===============================
A Positive number equal to the given number. The Absolute Value of +23 and -23 is 23.
ENTER
Screen
Acute Angel
===========
An angle that is less than 90 degrees.
ENTER
Screen
Analytical Geometry
===================
Cartesian, or coordinate geometry. Positioning that is represented by coordinates.
ENTER
Screen
Angle
=====
The measure of inclination of two straight lines to each other. One complete revolution of a radius vector = 360 degrees. 1 degree = 60 minutes 1 minute = 60 seconds i
51 34' 43"
**********
51 degrees,
34 minutes
43 seconds.
ENTER
Screen
Arc Cosine
==========
The inverse Cosine. Written as Arc Cos
or Cos -1
ENTER
Screen
Arc Sine
========
The inverse sin. Written as Arc Sine
or Sin -1
ENTER
Screen
Arc Tangent
===========
The inverse tangent. Written as Arc Tan
or Tan -1
ENTER
Screen
Archimedes
==========
(287-212 B.C.) Born in Syracuse, Sicily. A mechanical inventor who discovered the laws of levers. Most famous for the Archimedes Screw used to raise water. He discovered the first law of hydrostatics.
ENTER
Screen
Boole, George
=============
(1815-1864) An English mathematician. He used logic in algebra to describe true or false math statements. This 'Boolean' Algebra is used by logic circuit designers and describes logic states used in todays micro computer circuitry. (Logic gates)
ENTER
Screen
Cartesian Coordinates
=====================
A coordinate system that uses two coordinates to locate a point on a plane and measure it's distance from either of two intersecting straight-line axes along a line parallel to the other axis. Named after the French mathematician Descartes.
ENTER
Screen
Chord
=====
A straight line that intersects two points on a curve.
ENTER
Screen
Climb Milling
=============
Refers to a milling cutter that is 'climbing up the wall' of the cut just like to two gears meshing together. This type of machining is often used for a good surface finish but not when there is a lot of stock to be taken. 1
Conventional milling is the opposite of climb milling and should be used most of the time. Many forces come into play when a milling cutter is doing it's job. A small and long end mill will 'whip' in the bottom of a cut and flex into or away from a wall depending on the type of milling being performed.
When a mill cut is going to remove a slug, this type of cut could cause the slug to be 'sucked' into the tool and therefore create a major boo boo!
ENTER
Screen
Congruent Figures
=================
Identical figures. When superimposed, they coincide exactly.
ENTER
Screen
Conic
=====
The figure formed by the intersection of a plane with a cone.
ENTER
Screen
Conjugate Angles
================
Angles that equal 360 degrees.
ENTER
Screen
Constant
========
An unchanging quantity.
ENTER
Screen
Conventional Milling
====================
Refers to a milling cutter that is feed into the work piece against the cutter rotation. This type of machining is used most of the time. Many forces come into play when a milling cutter is doing it's job. A small and long end mill will whip in the bottom of a cut and flex into or away from a wall depending on the type of milling being performed.
When a mill cut is going to remove a slug, this type of cut is preferred because it pushes the slug away from the piece upon removal.
ENTER
Screen
Coordinates
===========
Numbers which locate a point. Two numbers can locate a plane and three can locate a point in space.
ENTER
Screen
Coplaner
========
On the same plane.
ENTER
Screen
Cosecant of an Angle
====================
The reciprocal of the sine of an angle.
ENTER
Screen
Cusp
====
A double point on a curve where two tangents fall on.
ENTER
Screen
Cycloid
=======
Location of a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls along a straight line.
ENTER
Screen
Decagon
=======
A polygon with 10 sides.
ENTER
Screen
Density
=======
The quantity per unit volume, unit area, or unit length: The mass of a substance per unit volume.
ENTER
Screen
Descartes, Rene
===============
(1596-1650) He merged algebra and geometry into a single subject called analytical geometry.
ENTER
Screen
Digit
=====
0, 1, 2, .... 9.
ENTER
Screen
Distance between two points
===========================
Two coordinates given, X1, Y1 and X2, Y2.
Formula: ( In registered version only )
ENTER
Screen
Distributive Law of Algebra
===========================
Multiplication can be 'distributed' over
addition.
Here is this law at work:
*************************
(X + 3)(2X +4) = (X + 3)2x + (X + 3)4
= 2x
+ 6x + 4x + 12
= 2x
+ 10x + 12
ENTER
Screen
Ellipse
=======
An oval shape where the sum of the distances of
two fixed points is a constant.
ENTER
Screen
Epicycloid
==========
A curve that is traced by a point on a diameter
that rolls on another diameter.
ENTER
Screen
Hypocycloid
===========
A curve that is traced by a point on a diameter
that rolls on the inside of another diameter.
ENTER
Screen
Three Points on a Circle
========================
A geometrical law says that if three point are in a plane, in this case X and Y, and not in a straight line or under one another, then it's possible to have a circle pass through those three points. Keep in mind that you can cause an error and you'll have to reboot your computer if you input your coordinates as a straight line. You will also find X and Y coordinates and radiuses of large amounts if you input three points that are almost a straight line. n
Formula
=============================================
(X3
)+(Y3
) (X2
)+(Y2
------------------- - -------------------
2(X3-X1) 2(X2-X1)
Y = ----------------------------------------
Y3-Y1 Y2-Y1
----- - -----
X3-X1 X2-X1
(X3
) + (Y3-Y1)((Y3+Y1)-2Y)
X = -------------------------------
2(X3-X1)
R = Sqrt( (X3-X)
+ (Y3-Y)
ENTER
Screen
Portion of a Cylinder
=====================
A cylinder that is cut at the top or bottom on an angle. If the cylinder was level at both ends then it would be a cylinder, not a portion of a cylinder. A portion of a cylinder has 2 heights, the upper most portion of the angle cut and the lower most portion. Insert these heights as Height1 and Height2.
ENTER
Screen
CNC Suitability
===============
CNC's are suitable for one particular part that needs a large number of tool changes or work coordinate changes. Also, CNC's are suitable for large amounts of small parts needing a lot of work on many different profiles and/or holes.
ENTER
Screen
Editor Help
===========
Movement Command
======== =======
Character Left Arrow
Character Right Arrow
Word Left Ctrl-Left Arrow
Word Right Ctrl-Right Arrow
Line Up Arrow
Line Down Arrow
Page Up PgUp
Page Down PgDn
Beginning of a Line Home Key
End of a Line End Key
Beginning of a File Ctrl-PgUp
End of a File Ctrl-PgDn
Delete Line Ctrl-Y
Delete Word Right Ctrl-T
Start Marking a Block Shift-(arrow keys)
Copy Block to Clipboard Ctrl-Insert or Alt-E-C
Paste Block from Clipboard Shift-Insert or Alt-E-P
Delete Block or Clipboard Ctrl-Del or Alt-E-C
Hide Block Marker Ctrl-K-H
Cut into Clipboard Shift-Del
Show Clipboard Contents Alt-E-S
Go to Menu Bar F10
Return to Editor from Menus Esc
Save current Workspace F2
Save File as Another Name Alt-F-A
Search Ctrl-Q-F or Alt-S-F
Search Again Alt-S-S
Search/Replace Ctrl-Q-A or Alt-S-R
Replace Last Modification Alt-E-U
Move Edit Window Ctrl-F5
(Arrow Keys and Shift-Arrow)
Zoom Resized Edit Window F5 or Alt-W-Z
Next Window F6 or Alt-W-N
Tile (One on top of another) Alt-W-T
Cascade (Headings vertical) Alt-W-C
Close Current Window Alt-F3
Start a New File Alt-F-N
Open an Existing File F3 or Alt-F-O
Quit Mr. Machinist Alt-X
You may open and manipulate many edit windows at the same time, cut and paste text to and from any window. If you like, you can open the same file more than once for reference purposes. If you want to reference some code from another CNC program you can bring the file up into an edit window, resize it and cut and paste from it to your current CNC program. In doing this you could create a type of 'database' for your machine files.
Let's say you have a machine file, (CNC program) called K0154.TXT. You could create a file called K0154N.TXT for the 'notes' to this file. In K0154N.TXT you could put the job number, cycle time, tools used, set up notes and what ever you like! Then when it comes time to look at that CNC program you could call up these two files, resize them to a smaller size and look at both of them!
When it comes time to save your changes, strike F2 and it's done. You'll know that you have made a change to the edit window when you see a little star '*' just to the right of the lower left edit window. If you strike Alt-X to quit when the star is there (you have not saved your changes) you will be asked if you want to save your changes. At this time you can strike 'Y' for yes or 'N' for no or 'C' for cancel. Whenever you save a file, Mr. Machinist will keep your old one and put a BAK extension to it.
Let's say your editing a file called README.TXT and you make a few changes to it and then you save it. You will now have 2 files on your system by that file name but with different extensions, README.BAK and README.TXT.
Do remember this though, if you make a save and a README.BAK exist, the old README.BAK file will be replaced by the newer README.BAK file. Please note that README.BAK is used here just as an example!
Using a Mouse
=============
It's faster for a user to use the keyboard instead of the mouse, but when it comes to resizing and moving windows, the mouse is the preferred method. The left mouse button is the one you'll always use. Just point and shoot! Pick a menu, click the left button and down comes a menu. Chose from the menu and click for results. To move around edit windows, 'drag' the mouse on the edit window heading. Dragging the mouse means to hold down the left mouse button while moving the mouse. When you want to resize the current window, drag the mouse on the lower right corner of the edit window. To highlight a block of data while editing drag the mouse over the text you desire to mark and that text will become highlighted.
The editor incorporated into Mr. Machinist can manipulate a file of 65 K or under. That is the limit at this time. If you want to edit a very large file you will have to use a more powerful editor. The editor in Mr. Machinist has the capabilities to edit almost all CNC programs. If the CNC program is larger than this limit then maybe you can create a smaller program by using sub-programs. A small CNC program that does a lot is the sign of a good program!!!
This editor is a standard editor that uses commands that are universal in most programs. A small book can be created telling you how to be proficient in using an editor but here are some basics.
Features
========
Full mouse support
Move, resize, overlap, tile, or cascade
Open and view several files at once
Search and replace text
Cut, copy and paste using the clipboard
Paste from one file into another
Use the editor while you use the math functions
View the clipboard contents
Restore deleted text
Do block operations, large deletes or inserts
ENTER
Screen
In the input box you must enter the Radius
and Height or Height and Chord. Height must
be entered!
Spherical Sector | Spherical Segment
====================================
A sphere is a closed surface where all points are the same from a given distance. Another simple name for a sphere is a ball. A spherical sector is a section of a 'ball' or sphere that is cut out from the whole part. It consist of a full revolution and not just a segment. A spherical segment is a cut section from the 'ball' or sphere but it is cut at two parallel lines. k
Formula (Spherical Sector)
============================
V = Volume, A = Area, C = Chord:
V = (2 x pie x Sqr(radius) x height) / 3
A = pie x radius x (2 x height + .5 x chord)
C = 2 x Sqrt(height(2 x radius - height))
Formula (Spherical Segment)
=============================
V= pie x Sqr(height) x (radius - height / 3)
A= 2 x pie x radius x height
C= 2 x Sqrt(height(2 x radius - height))
R= (Sqr(chord + 4 x Sqr(height))/(8 x height)
ENTER
Screen
CNC (Computer Numerical Control)
================================
Machines that are controlled by electronic systems, such as computers, that accept numerical data and other alphanumeric instructions. The purpose of almost all CNC machines is to cut metal.
Some main CNC machines in use today are for the purpose of milling, turning, drilling, and boring. The most popular CNC machines in use today are the milling and turning centers.
ENTER
Screen
CAD/CAM
=======
CAD = Computer Aided Design
CADD = Computer Aided Design Drafting
CAM = Computer Aided Manufacturing
CAD is a computer system that is used to create architectural designs. After a design has been created by the CAD system it can then go to a programmer who makes a program on the computer for the actual machining of the part. This latter process is usually called CAM.
ENTER
Screen
Torus
=====
A shape that looks like an anchor ring or a doughnut. If you were to take a ball and orbit it around a center distance, the shape that it would leave is a Torus. There are two radius involved, the radius of the ball that is orbited and the orbit radius. P
Formula:
========
Radius1 = The orbiting ball.
Radius2 = The orbit radius.
Area = 4 x sqr(pi) x Radius2 x Radius1
Volume = 2 x sqr(pi) x Radius2 x Radius1
ENTER
Screen
CALCULATOR
==========
You can use the keyboard or the mouse to operate the calculator. V
F4 brings up the calculator at any time and Alt-F3 will close the calculator window. .
Left arrow erases the last character typed.
The
key toggles the number from + to -.
on keyboard is the 'Underscore' key )
The C key clears the input line.
ENTER
Screen
Resize and Move Windows
=======================
There are two windows that can be resized, the edit window and the help window. All windows can be moved. Learning to resize and move windows at a good pace can really speed up the job of multiple editing and/or viewing multiple formula answers. '
Using the mouse is the quickest way to resize and/or move a window. To resize a window using the mouse, 'drag' the mouse on the lower right corner of the window. To 'drag' the mouse means to hold down the left mouse button while you have the mouse cursor positioned on a certain item. As you hold down the left mouse button on the lower right corner, begin to move the mouse around. You will now see that the window resizes from the lower right position. The window will stay at its current position as soon as you take your finger off of the mouse. a
To resize a window using the keyboard, you hold down the 'Alt' key and then strike 'W'. This will pop down the 'Window menu'. Strike the 'R' key to resize a window. After striking the 'R' key you can use the arrow keys to resize the window. When you have the window where you want it, strike the 'Enter' key. This will take you out of the resize mode.
To move a window using the mouse you drag the mouse on the top heading of the window. The top heading of a window is the wording that is centered on the top line of the current window.
To move a window using the keyboard you should hold down the 'Alt' key and then strike the 'W' key and the 'Window menu' will pop down. Then strike the 'M' key and you will be able to move the window using the arrow keys.
ENTER
Screen
Trapezium
=========
A four sided figure in which no two sides are parallel. 3
Help on Trapezium input
=======================
Let's assume that the longest side of the four sided figure is down. .
Height1 = Tall height of the figure. (Right) .
Height2 = Short height of the figure. (Left) %
Length1 = Distance between heights. 0
Length2 = Dist. from left edge to left height. .
Length3 = Dist. from rt. edge to rt. height.
Formula
=======
(H1 + H2) x L1 + (L2 x H2) + (L3 x H1)
Area = --------------------------------------
2
ENTER
Screen
Calculator
==========
Once the calculator window is on screen you will be ready to enter your calculation or formula. You can strike the 'Tab' key to move around the calculator dialog box. Striking the 'Tab' key will take you to the 'Ok' button, once more will take you to the 'Cancel' button and once more will take you back to the input line. If you hold down the 'Shift' key and then strike 'Tab' you will move around in the opposite direction. You can also use the mouse to click on one of these three items and activate them.
Once your in the input line you can start to enter your data. When numerical entry is complete you may strike 'Enter' or click on 'Ok' with your mouse or strike 'O' for 'Ok'. ,
Example: 4+4*87/456*tan(56) then 'Enter'.
The order of precedence is at work here. The calculator evaluates the parts of an expression inside the most deeply nested parentheses before anything else. In the example, the tangent of 56 is calculated and then 87/456 is calculated, then the two are multiplied and 4 is added.
Upper and lower case input of functions are treated the same. You may also append an O for octal or an H for hex after a number. If you input 55o, your answer will be 45 because 55 in octal is 45. If you input 640H, your answer will be 1600 because 640 in hex is 1600. When you type a hex constant you must be sure to type a number before it. If you type FF for a hex number then you will get an error, but if you type 0ff then you will get 255. %
You may enter assignment statements such as, a:=3, and b:=3, and also c:=sqrt(a*b). Always use a single character as your variable, A to Z. If you use assignment statements within expressions always be sure they are predeclared. Here is an example using the formula for RPM (R) of a spindle: a
12 x F (Feet per Minute)
R = --------------------------
Pi x D (Diameter of Endmill)
You would enter f:=200 and then strike 'Enter', d:=0.5 and 'Enter', and for the end result, r:=(12*f)/(pi*d). If you were to leave out the parentheses your result would be in error due to the fact that the calculation would divide first and then do its multiplication.
Standard Keys
=============
Tab = Activate next item
Shift-Tab = Activate in opposite direction.
F4 = Bring up calculator window
Alt-F3 = Close window. (Any time)
Esc = Close window. (Any time)
Enter = Calculate answer. (Valid input)
Calculator Functions
====================
Be sure to inclose functions with more than one character within parentheses.
Example: 5*tan(45)*sqrt(7)
+ = Addition
- = Subtraction
/ = Division
* = Multiplicational
^ = Exponentiation
O = Octal (Precede Number)
H = Hex (Precede Number)
Pi = 3.1416.........
Frac = Fractional Value
Factor = Factorial (1 x 2 x 3 x 4....)
Exp = Natural Exponent
Int = Integer Value
Abs = Absolute Value
Log = Log Base 10
Sqrt = Square Root
Ln = Natural Log
ArcCos = ArcCosine
ArcCsc = ArcCosecant
ArcSin = ArcSine
Cos = Cosine
Csc = CoSecant
Sin = Sine
ArcCot = ArcCotangent
ArcSec = ArcSecant
ArcTan = ArcTangent
Cot = CoTangent
Sec = Secant
Tan = Tangent
ENTER
Screen
Trapezoid
=========
A four sided figure in which two sides are parallel. 3
Help on Trapezoid input
=======================
Let's assume that the longest side of the four sided figure is down.
Side 1 = One parallel line. #
Side 2 = The other parallel line.
Height = Height of the figure. i
Formula
=======
(Side1 + Side2) x Height
Area = ------------------------
2
ENTER
Screen
Wedge
=====
A three dimensional shape with a base that has length and width. The length of the base travels up to a sharp point which is the height of the wedge. The top and the bottom of the wedge are parallel lines. +
Help on Wedge Input
===================
Side 1 = The base length.
Side 2 = The base width. /
Side 3 = Top of the wedge, parallel to Side1. *
Height = Height of base to top of wedge. x
Formula
=======
(2 x Side1 + Side3) x Height
Volume = ----------------------------
6
ENTER
Screen
Acute Area
==========
An acute angle is an angle that is less than 90 degrees. An acute angled triangle is one with all the angles less than 90 degrees. 4
a and b and c are the sides of the acute triangle. *
Formula
=======
S = 1/2 x (a + b + c)
Area = Sqrt(S x (S - a)) x (S - b) x (S - c)
ENTER
Screen
Barrel Volume
=============
A cylindrical object where the middle diameter is greater than the end diameter. The sides of a barrel shape can either be a circular arc or a parabola arc. In the parabola arc the radius from the center of the arc shape is constantly changing until it's peak at the top of center. A
The formula used here in Mr. Machinist is for the circular arc. n
Formula
=======
V = Approximate Volume
D = Middle Diameter
d = End Diameter
h = Height of Barrel Shape
Arc of a Circle (Barrel)
V = 0.262 x h x (2 x Sqr(D) + Sqr(d))
Arc of a Parabola (Barrel)
V = 0.209 x h x (2xSqr(D+Dxd+3/4xSqr(d))
ENTER
Screen
Cone Area and Volume
====================
ENTER
Screen
Cube Volume
===========
ENTER
Screen
Cycloid Area
============
ENTER
Screen
Cylinder Area and Volume
========================
ENTER
Screen
Ellipse Area and Perimeter
==========================
ENTER
Screen
Ellipsoid Volume
================
ENTER
Screen
Frustum of a Cone
=================
ENTER
Screen
Frustum of Pyramid
==================
ENTER
Screen
Hex Area
========
ENTER
Screen
Cylinder Volume
===============
ENTER
Screen
Hollow Sphere
=============
ENTER
Screen
Obtuse Angle
============
An angle that is between 90 degrees and 180 degrees.
ENTER
Screen
Octagon
=======
ENTER
Screen
Parallelogram
=============
ENTER
Screen
Polygon
=======
ENTER
Screen
Prism
=====
ENTER
Screen
Pyramid
=======
ENTER
Screen
Rectangle
=========
ENTER
Screen
Right Triangle
==============
ENTER
Screen
Spandrel or Fillet Radius
=========================
ENTER
Screen
Square
======
ENTER
Screen
Square Prism
============
ENTER
Screen
Sphere
======
ENTER
Screen
Spherical Wedge
===============
ENTER
Screen
Spherical Zone
==============
ENTER
Screen
Mouse Settings
==============
Using this function can adjust the speed of a double click on your mouse. It can also change the active button from left to right. (For left handed people)
ENTER
Screen
Wire Cut E.D.M.
===============
Wire cut E.D.M. is an electrical discharge machine utilizing a numerically controlled movement and a wire electrode to machine a workpiece to a desired contour. The electrode is is a brass or molybdenum that varies in a diametric range of .002 to .014.
The workpiece may be of any material as long as it is conductive. Hardness does not adversely affect the E.D.M. process, but the capacity for the workpiece to conduct heat and electricity do.
One terminal of the power supply is connected to the electrode and the other to the workpiece. The electrode and workpiece are held in close proximity by the machine, yet they always remain separated by a small gap.
The gap is always filled with a circulating dielectric fluid, usually deionized water in wire cut E.D.M., which acts as an insulator. The dielectric also cools the electrode and workpiece and flushes away the eroded metal particles from the surface of the workpiece.
When the voltage from the power supply is first applied across the gap the insulating characteristics of the dielectric prevent the current from flowing. An electrical field is established at the shortest distance between the electrode and the workpiece, the conductive particles form a "bridge" in the direction of this field. When the gap is narrowed, the voltage of the electrical field causes the bridge to ionize, an ionized gas channel forms, this is the point at which the current begins to flow.
High temperatures and pressures are generated melting and vaporizing a small section of the workpiece. This current continues during the "on time" of the pulse and turns off during the "off time" of the pulse.
During the "off time" the voltage drops to zero, so the current ceases, causing the ionized channel to collapse, and heat and pressure dissipate. z
This implosion ejects the melted particles into the dielectric, producing a small cavity in the workpiece. The ejected material is solidified into a small hollow sphere and washed away by the flushing action of the dielectric. Although most of the molten metal is carried away from the workpiece, a small amount is resolidified and is commonly referred to as the recast layer.
The size of the cavities produced by the process is directly proportional to the amount of current used. A low current produces a fine finish, and a slow cutting speed, and higher currents produce a rougher finish, and faster cutting speeds.
ENTER
Screen
M.D.I.
======
Manual Data Input
ENTER
Screen
Equiangular Hyperbola
=====================
Also called a rectangular or equiangular hyperbola whose transverse and conjugate axis are the same in their length. #
Standard equation = X
ENTER
Screen
Vise Information
================
One of the most commonly used vises in the machine shop is the 6 inch vise. Many different forces are being dispersed when a vise is tightened. The part you are clamping must be aligned and indicated in. The more time you spend setting and indicating in your vise, the better the end result will be.
One common problem with some vises is that after a few uses the movable jaw can become loose and increase in play. In some vises their is an adjusting cap screw in the middle of the back of the movable jaw. By tightening this cap screw you can minimize the amount of play.
ENTER
Screen
File Menu
=========
The file menu brings down a menu full of choices that have to do with editing and printing files. This menu also has the change directory function which helps you search certain directories without typing in full file names. s
There is also a Dos Shell function within this menu that 'shells' you out to DOS. To 'shell' out means to leave your program temporarily and go into DOS so you can execute other programs. Keep in mind that when you do this, Mr. Machinist still takes up a little memory so do not try to execute a program that uses a lot of memory or you will not be able to execute it. To get back into your program after shelling out type 'EXIT' at the DOS command line. One thing you can also do to make DOS shell easier is to write a small batch file so that when you strike E a batch file called E.BAT executes and gives the command EXIT.
The last command in the file menu is the Alt-X command. This command will exit Mr. Machinist. Strike it any time to exit the program. If your editing a file and you have not saved it, the program will ask you to save it before exiting.
ENTER
Screen
The 'New' command will bring up an edit window with no title. At that time you can start editing a new file. If you want to save it you can bring up the file menu and choose 'Save as' or 'Save'. Either way you will be asked to give the file a name because it does not have a name and it needs one. If you try to 'Exit' the program without saving it you will be asked if you want to save it or not. It's always a good idea to save the file your working on about every 5 minutes or so.
ENTER
Screen
Save
====
The 'Save' menu will save a named file to your disk. You will be asked to give the file a name if you try to save an un-named file. You must be editing a file before this can be active. If your editing a file that is already named, the 'Save' command will save the file without showing you a thing. You'll see your hard drive light come on if your saving it to the hard drive or you will see your floppy lights light up. ?
The fastest way to save a named file is to strike the F2 key!
ENTER
Screen
Save as
=======
ENTER
Screen
Print
=====
You will be able to search through a dialog box and choose the file that you would like to print. If you are editing a file or files and you would like to print one of them, then strike 'Alt-Spacebar'.
ENTER
Screen
Dos Shell
=========
To 'shell' out means to leave your program temporarily and go into DOS so you can execute other programs. Keep in mind that when you do this, Mr. Machinist still takes up a little memory so do not try to execute a program that uses a lot of memory or you will not be able to execute it. To get back into your program after shelling out type 'EXIT' at the DOS command line. One thing you can also do to make DOS shell easier is to write a small batch file so that when you strike E a batch file called E.BAT executes and gives the command EXIT. If you need more information on creating BATCH files you can look into a DOS manual. <
(Remember that the library has rows of computer books to!)
ENTER
Screen
Exit
====
If you hold down the 'Alt' key with one finger and strike the 'X' key with another finger...you will exit the program. The only reason that you may not be able to exit is that you may have some active windows on your desk top that you need to close or your editing a file that has been modified and not saved.
ENTER
Screen
Edit Menu
=========
The Edit menu gives you six choices that have to do with editing a file. 8
1. Undo - Undeletes the last line deleted or changed.
2. Cut - Removes selected text from file to clipboard.
3. Copy - Copies selected text to clipboard.
4. Paste - Copies text from clipboard to file.
5. Show - Shows context of clipboard.
6. Clear - Removes selected text without going to clipboard.
ENTER
Screen
Undo
====
ENTER
Screen
ENTER
Screen
Copy
====
ENTER
Screen
Paste
=====
ENTER
Screen
Show
====
ENTER
Screen
Clear
=====
ENTER
Screen
Windows
=======
The Windows menu gives you six window manipulation choices. 7
1. Resize/move - Use arrow keys or shift-arrow keys to move or resize.
2. Zoom - F5 will toggle off and on the 'zoom' window function.
3. Next - F6 will toggle between active windows.
4. Close - Alt-F3 will close the current window.
5. Tile - View all edit windows.
6. Cascade - Stacks all edit windows.
ENTER
Screen
Resize/move
===========
ENTER
Screen
Zoom
====
ENTER
Screen
Next
====
ENTER
Screen
Close
=====
ENTER
Screen
Tile
====
ENTER
Screen
Cascade
=======
ENTER
Screen
Search
======
The Search menu is used to find certain text in a file and this function can also search and replace choosen text with new text. This menu has three functions to choose from.
1. Find - Finds the text of your choice.
2. Replace - Finds text and then replaces it with new text.
3. Search again - Do another search using the same choice.
ENTER
Screen
Find
====
ENTER
Screen
Replace
=======
ENTER
Screen
Search again
============
ENTER
Screen
Circle Menu
===========
The Circle menu is filled with math functions that have everything to do with circles. There are seven main functions.
1. Circ. Segment -Find the angle, chord, height, or Radius.
2. Circle Area - Find the surface area of a circle.
3. Circ. Ring - Find the surface area of a circular ring.
4. Circ. Ring Sector Area - Same as 3 but only a section.
5. Circ. Sector Area - Find a circular sector area. Only
two inputs needed.
6. Circumference - Find circle circumference.
7. Three Points - Find X and Y center and radius of a circle.
ENTER
Screen
Circ. Segment
=============
ENTER
Screen
Circle Area
===========
ENTER
Screen
Circular Ring Area
==================
ENTER
Screen
Circular Ring Sector Area
=========================
ENTER
Screen
Circular Sector Area
====================
ENTER
Screen
Circumference of a Circle
=========================
ENTER
Screen
Three Points on a Circle
========================
ENTER
Screen
Math Menu
=========
The Math menu has nine functions to do with math.
1. Trig. - Right angle trig. (Give the two knowns)
2. Conversions: a) Millimeters to Inches
b) Inches to Millimeters
c) Degrees to Degrees, Minutes, Seconds
d) Degrees, Minutes, Seconds to Degrees
e) Celsius to Fahrenheit
f) Fahrenheit to Celsius
3. Polar Coordinates - Gives an X and Y from a radius and angle.
4. Dist. Across Square Corners - Input height for answer.
5. Dist. Across Hex Corners - Input height for answer.
6. Dist. Between Two Points - Give two X and Y's.
7. Middle of Two Points - Give two X and Y's.
8. Three Points Shift/Rotate - Give three X and Y's and new
X and Y origins and the degree of rotation, (if any).
9. Calculator - Do formulas and calculations.
ENTER
Screen
Trigonometry Screen
===================
ENTER
Screen
Polar Coordinates
=================
ENTER
Screen
Distance Across Square Corners
==============================
ENTER
Screen
Distance Across Hex Corners
===========================
ENTER
Screen
Distance Between 2 Points
=========================
ENTER
Screen
Middle of 2 Points
==================
ENTER
Screen
Three Points Shifted and Rotated
================================
ENTER
Screen
Calculator Screen
=================
ENTER
Screen
Area and Volume Functions
=========================
These are the Area and Volume math functions of Mr. Machinist.
ENTER
Screen
Area and Volume Menu A - H
==========================
ENTER
Screen
Acute Angle A/V
===============
ENTER
Screen
Barrel A/V
==========
ENTER
Screen
Cone A/V
========
ENTER
Screen
Cube A/V
========
ENTER
Screen
Cycloid A/V
===========
ENTER
Screen
Cylinder A/V
============
ENTER
Screen
Ellipse A/V
===========
ENTER
Screen
Ellipsoid A/V
=============
ENTER
Screen
Frustum of Cone A/V
===================
ENTER
Screen
Frustum of a Pyramid
====================
ENTER
Screen
Hex A/V
=======
ENTER
Screen
Hollow Cylinder A/V
===================
ENTER
Screen
Hollow Sphere A/V
=================
ENTER
Screen
Area and Volume Menu I - R
==========================
ENTER
Screen
Obtuse Angle A/V
================
ENTER
Screen
Octagon A/V
===========
ENTER
Screen
Parallelogram A/V
=================
ENTER
Screen
Polygon A/V
===========
ENTER
Screen
Portion of a Cylinder A/V
=========================
ENTER
Screen
Prism A/V
=========
ENTER
Screen
Pyramid A/V
===========
ENTER
Screen
Rectangle A/V
=============
ENTER
Screen
Right Triangle A/V
==================
ENTER
Screen
Area and Volume Menu S - Z
==========================
ENTER
Screen
Spandrel/Fillet A/V
===================
ENTER
Screen
Square A/V
==========
ENTER
Screen
Square Prism A/V
================
ENTER
Screen
Sphere A/V
==========
ENTER
Screen
Spherical Sector A/V
====================
ENTER
Screen
Spherical Segment A/V
=====================
ENTER
Screen
Spherical Wedge A/V
===================
ENTER
Screen
Spherical Zone A/V
==================
ENTER
Screen
Torus A/V
=========
ENTER
Screen
Trapezium A/V
=============
ENTER
Screen
Trapezoid A/V
=============
ENTER
Screen
Wedge A/V
=========
ENTER
Screen
Feed and Speed Rates
====================
This menu choice provides you with speed and feed information. You input the required date and you end up with a general speed and feed to begin to work with.
(.txt)